{"id":"W4412458485","doi":"10.5194/amt-18-3135-2025","title":"Retrieval of bulk hygroscopicity from PurpleAir PM<sub>2.5</sub> sensor measurements","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmospheric measurement techniques","topic":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Environmental science; Remote sensing; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Atmospheric sciences; Materials science; Physics; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002574327,0.0005429312,0.0002792253,0.0003668308,0.0002058437,0.000367588,0.0004354026,0.0002833253,0.0007599921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006828168,0.0002010509,0.0002584355,0.0003692526,0.0001659634,0.0004385658,0.0003055006,0.0002284945,0.0004265166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004570248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004662737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01363866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03043932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997236,0.0000194948,0.00001006481,0.00007214753,0.000152849,0.00002182871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999795,0.00003670261,0.00004644067,0.00002913923,0.00008245292,0.00001016169],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002595308,0.00007133027,0.1128703,0.0003958774,0.0001893639,0.0002806713,0.0002173376,0.02175172,0.7484659,0.0003773163,0.00256682,0.1125539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003119371,0.0001609002,0.3570458,0.00002571594,0.0001158304,0.0002781583,0.0001722187,0.2417638,0.3920293,0.0003554884,0.007933862,0.00008766307],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9006925,0.0005505236,0.08905821,0.00009912644,0.0000787045,0.00008198331,0.002290528,0.001779855,0.005368686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9682206,0.0001902217,0.02878774,0.00005776339,0.00002738928,0.00003154306,0.001630508,0.0001063043,0.0009479158],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01363866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02711856,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03982860516083461,"score_gpt":0.2601846862621846,"score_spread":0.2203560811013499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}