{"id":"W4412506797","doi":"10.1057/s41599-025-05486-4","title":"Green versus non-green technology innovation and environmental quality: Cointegration and counterfactual analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Humanities and Social Sciences Communications","topic":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Cointegration; Counterfactual thinking; Environmental quality; Economics; Quality (philosophy); Econometrics; Political science; Psychology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01089459,0.0006604689,0.001363494,0.001902082,0.0008633059,0.003028332,0.001647968,0.001586918,0.003338687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0252378,0.0002842175,0.002549014,0.002766235,0.002175307,0.001495598,0.001498683,0.001960972,0.0002781397],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00310953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003934611,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1828834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06832993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943594,0.003623959,0.0003328278,0.0005520449,0.0004733744,0.0006583533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9662343,0.0262712,0.004078447,0.001695308,0.001366933,0.0003538005],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001109265,0.001055069,0.3227139,0.0004295185,0.002141586,0.00205023,0.001012936,0.4021617,0.001269688,0.2199384,0.004458273,0.04165956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001479718,0.0003460041,0.04886547,0.00005603291,0.0007502184,0.0001229679,0.0006850796,0.9262951,0.001143696,0.01868729,0.002832911,0.00006724956],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9547936,0.001183009,0.03767747,0.001354699,0.0001769497,0.0001995845,0.0009050045,0.0001726953,0.003536973],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923085,0.0005929795,0.004538708,0.00009424456,0.00005182055,0.0001051216,0.0007466084,0.0000133881,0.00154868],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1828834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3636377,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1001696819000056,"score_gpt":0.287801396573546,"score_spread":0.1876317146735405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}