{"id":"W4412544858","doi":"10.1093/obo/9780190922481-0088","title":"Urban Decline in the United States and Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"reference-entry","venue":"","topic":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geography; Economic geography; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007370095,0.0003039548,0.0005126936,0.004587823,0.01191329,0.00462161,0.001359829,0.0007854582,0.01238457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003599122,0.0002517963,0.0006440136,0.011608,0.00138968,0.001276278,0.002392968,0.002123312,0.0008692949],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.08464919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1679083,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9989319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9995337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982304,0.00005041956,0.00006361921,0.0001307884,0.0006623308,0.0008624256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944068,0.0001118101,0.0001919407,0.00006061134,0.003680368,0.001548427],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001253557,0.000137475,0.306915,0.0004977021,0.0001236976,0.001343071,0.009132017,0.00122883,0.0001436177,0.05766463,0.4992939,0.1233947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003900293,0.00002150141,0.5178712,0.0009680505,0.00007784188,0.0003400908,0.02093898,0.0008260228,0.0001026297,0.002521752,0.4561923,0.0001006299],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.2389515,0.02908376,0.0005879469,0.06448958,0.001608386,0.0004452703,0.05173642,0.0002833289,0.6128138],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.826033,0.03163832,0.001455655,0.01177535,0.0002670778,0.000285121,0.01706051,0.0001517476,0.1113332],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08464919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6141757,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02335023577431384,"score_gpt":0.2935010984348382,"score_spread":0.2701508626605243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}