{"id":"W4412565026","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2025.0717","title":"Applying movement ecology models to comparative cognition experiments: a field test in hummingbirds","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Movement (music); Cognition; Hummingbird; Spatial cognition; Field (mathematics); Ecology; Cognitive psychology; Hidden Markov model; Cognitive map; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Psychology; Biology; Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003760825,0.0007612855,0.0004327678,0.0006064469,0.0003120658,0.0003996481,0.0009657619,0.0009321847,0.001176059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01028882,0.00032665,0.0008409086,0.0003053565,0.0009144538,0.000769187,0.0005528092,0.0006204368,0.0001405277],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001081652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003622898,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01144773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006489545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990003,0.0006953931,0.00003332492,0.0001820757,0.00004063321,0.00004827901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9885646,0.009612692,0.0005530384,0.000828861,0.00020207,0.0002387217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005041863,0.004381215,0.141994,0.0005671619,0.001005691,0.0003973352,0.003269661,0.7076762,0.05019384,0.007678914,0.001385884,0.07640833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004266648,0.0112664,0.1256653,0.00004674688,0.0002363769,0.0001753564,0.0008155262,0.8401202,0.01218555,0.007323249,0.001620958,0.0001175706],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904869,0.00004651589,0.008953766,0.00004209247,0.000006434616,0.00003600349,0.00007657013,0.00005463136,0.0002972536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.987344,0.00005068958,0.01189115,0.00005156517,0.000008643315,0.0001185158,0.0001948051,0.00002213613,0.0003185243],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01144773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02276218,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07386834711874962,"score_gpt":0.2999273768291821,"score_spread":0.2260590297104325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}