{"id":"W4412567273","doi":"10.1109/mnet.2025.3591651","title":"Automated Spam Call Traceback: Two Efficiency Enhancement Approaches","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Network","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"National Science and Technology Council","keywords":"Computer science; Computer network; Denial-of-service attack; Computer security; Botnet; System call; The Internet; World Wide Web; Operating system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002260633,0.001607141,0.001304388,0.003647688,0.001010271,0.00237994,0.003257363,0.001787201,0.003392325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006089875,0.0005635703,0.001020703,0.001957684,0.001080778,0.004329668,0.002436308,0.001513336,0.001485089],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001104674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001838559,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002254467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00148507,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9948144,0.001032783,0.0002828081,0.0006812022,0.00260612,0.0005827025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9922753,0.001797725,0.0006577219,0.003217964,0.001837667,0.0002137798],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001230143,0.001081498,0.005578766,0.0003672937,0.000149171,0.0003824678,0.0005591288,0.03346854,0.04638004,0.01301158,0.006562688,0.8912286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002992044,0.001201773,0.007476996,0.00008681904,0.0003835216,0.00236043,0.0004039968,0.8388239,0.1035389,0.01220342,0.03298331,0.0002377362],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08150085,0.002385842,0.8962054,0.0005792357,0.0001775929,0.0006470308,0.0001123338,0.008771918,0.009619865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.693334,0.001006742,0.2952947,0.0003520801,0.0002824261,0.0003328971,0.0003319849,0.0002639736,0.008801097],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003647688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01195556,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02477182297299745,"score_gpt":0.2572086134300944,"score_spread":0.232436790457097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}