{"id":"W4412580959","doi":"10.37074/jalt.2025.8.2.9","title":"Navigating ethical challenges in generative AI-enhanced research: The ETHICAL framework for responsible generative AI use","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Alberta Health Services","funders":"","keywords":"Generative grammar; Generative model; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Sociology; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0166122,0.0001724088,0.0004604353,0.0002511161,0.001076519,0.0001561685,0.0002120468,0.0008348084,0.00001345807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02471867,0.0001245845,0.0001321071,0.000415129,0.000207606,0.0001212644,0.00006885966,0.02901994,0.000004971368],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003934564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001185195,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008466377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008181876,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956809,0.001912417,0.0009594774,0.0003242512,0.0006383038,0.0004846992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9848551,0.01352158,0.0003522625,0.0002498393,0.0008762088,0.0001450387],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00386269,0.0002455067,0.001061007,0.0002362593,0.0001594297,0.00002300706,0.2004226,0.01274895,0.03186352,0.3485103,0.001407214,0.3994596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009977345,0.003052665,0.003286237,0.01069515,0.000203647,0.00007634753,0.2503647,0.02371416,0.150305,0.5177478,0.03893314,0.0006234114],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5712116,0.0006347006,0.09935126,0.3272869,0.0004019777,0.0006246543,4.765571e-7,0.00002396364,0.0004643962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9500406,0.0003615309,0.03777441,0.01043138,0.001202836,0.00006990899,0.000002984143,0.00002657616,0.00008975321],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3988362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9834965,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3632391780828242,"score_gpt":0.5593502946391086,"score_spread":0.1961111165562844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}