{"id":"W4412582898","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109400","title":"Temperature distribution and freezing range of a railway tunnel in cold regions under high-speed train piston effect","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Aerodynamics and Fluid Dynamics Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Civil Engineering Technology, South China University of Technology; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science; Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering; Chongqing Jiaotong University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Piston (optics); Mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Materials science; Environmental science; Optics; Physics; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002732844,0.00009721729,0.0001569459,0.0002196869,0.00005112551,0.000035947,0.0002563224,0.00010051,0.000003733949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002196083,0.0001002695,0.00002919039,0.0002548195,0.0001330534,0.0001046597,0.00004347733,0.0003232738,2.201442e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001406106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001792696,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002762568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002718982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993612,0.00007379346,0.0002370558,0.0001167096,0.00009829365,0.0001129777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994094,0.000249777,0.000004283338,0.0002630191,0.00004842413,0.00002508997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001142635,0.0001599386,0.0226098,0.0002269235,0.0001289963,0.000003607995,0.0005738697,0.01309917,0.3987781,0.5628064,0.00007181294,0.001427228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004206919,0.00007394943,0.2387041,0.0006890855,0.0000326111,0.000005049734,0.0002693094,0.7434583,0.00258636,0.008684118,0.0009444499,0.0003457296],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9835151,0.00133246,0.01100895,0.002362154,0.00008767548,0.0003044039,0.0001614612,0.0000261769,0.001201549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970494,0.002450821,0.0001815386,0.00001983401,0.000005630638,0.00004774999,0.0001742036,0.000009529661,0.00006129818],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7303591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4088871,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01234630058780267,"score_gpt":0.2714005569960612,"score_spread":0.2590542564082586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}