{"id":"W4412599836","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125997","title":"Development and application of an AI-empowered acoustic monitoring system for misuse detection in dry powder inhalers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","topic":"Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005222761,0.0005117311,0.000572956,0.0007471958,0.0002559925,0.0006163871,0.0008013513,0.0007552951,0.001875025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001029858,0.0001992331,0.0003381936,0.0002944564,0.0002206743,0.0007223895,0.0007371809,0.0004454651,0.001108352],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002283148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004347101,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007416907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007818051,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994268,0.00006058708,0.00005454639,0.0001405056,0.0002670053,0.00005055621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999519,0.00008709515,0.00006891173,0.00004665199,0.000230383,0.00004797555],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007101021,0.0004417759,0.01430567,0.000670905,0.00009144673,0.001154518,0.0004105001,0.006266409,0.5855568,0.001294656,0.006766214,0.382331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002133276,0.002505887,0.03502607,0.0001561559,0.0002429638,0.002893415,0.0003492765,0.4819346,0.4414887,0.001611316,0.03336141,0.0002168612],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2964711,0.001308259,0.6774359,0.001110113,0.0006962074,0.001040963,0.001014043,0.01227286,0.008650434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8220179,0.0004860358,0.1694325,0.0008315413,0.0001445676,0.0004700471,0.0004550031,0.0001152357,0.006047328],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001875025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006272554,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02905131438895436,"score_gpt":0.3834426179651033,"score_spread":0.354391303576149,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}