{"id":"W4412627723","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2025.106034","title":"Determination of glyphosate residues in lentils using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging coupled with chemometric regression techniques","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Infrared Physics & Technology","topic":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Lethbridge College; University of Prince Edward Island; University of Lethbridge; University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Guelph","keywords":"Hyperspectral imaging; Chemical imaging; Remote sensing; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Infrared; Environmental science; Optics; Geology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004139008,0.0003830924,0.0002817951,0.0004718483,0.0001284239,0.0004311791,0.0002282134,0.0002002249,0.000382654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003761175,0.0001556549,0.0003714171,0.0004239444,0.0001451988,0.0002941977,0.0001495214,0.0003539886,0.0001748783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003378216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002870543,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0064839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01220774,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997266,0.00004115613,0.00001265931,0.00006992913,0.000136751,0.00001294999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998637,0.0000310815,0.00004966019,0.000009566215,0.00003982959,0.000006102953],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001177027,0.00008124398,0.009716578,0.00008902828,0.00005199009,0.00005396173,0.00005413156,0.003860219,0.9624254,0.00008974982,0.00007652902,0.02338353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001036098,0.0004586616,0.1140495,0.0000149,0.0000853568,0.0002758714,0.0001336626,0.09280259,0.7905697,0.0001683569,0.001372594,0.00005850647],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.9650629,0.000555891,0.03197768,0.00005117297,0.000008798916,0.00005217126,0.0005510733,0.0002570508,0.001483405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9190919,0.000974255,0.07645907,0.00007129098,0.000006811269,0.00007158577,0.0007203096,0.00004125206,0.00256346],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0064839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01289237,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01039684975529058,"score_gpt":0.2882068151434972,"score_spread":0.2778099653882066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}