{"id":"W4412636595","doi":"10.1016/j.softx.2025.102280","title":"Frozen-ground-fem: A practical and open Python 3 package for thermo-hydro-mechanical coupled modelling of soils in cold regions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SoftwareX","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Python (programming language); Finite element method; R package; Open source; Soil water; Computer science; Software package; Computational science; Environmental science; Software; Operating system; Soil science; Structural engineering; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004905054,0.0001276389,0.0003072844,0.00008496151,0.0001149179,0.00009519767,0.0002205392,0.0001275038,0.0003907891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000148654,0.0001107051,0.00005114018,0.0002142386,0.00006800914,0.0002356695,0.00005921594,0.000144657,0.00001061324],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007506808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001288079,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005953962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01491419,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989656,0.00005745687,0.0002766745,0.0003010203,0.0001184583,0.000280765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985493,0.001031735,0.00007879446,0.0002156956,0.00004255677,0.00008195385],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006648323,0.001470553,0.839973,0.002387292,0.0005269159,0.0002987611,0.01119815,0.01040152,0.01989029,0.05702728,0.02648801,0.02368996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005191008,0.0007043075,0.0347654,0.000660715,0.0001756905,0.00003116002,0.001790047,0.8571451,0.001422112,0.08803105,0.009282988,0.000800403],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9244022,0.001118122,0.06589147,0.002745461,0.0003827482,0.001673829,0.001739889,0.00006741702,0.001978891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951305,0.0003640537,0.003113548,0.0005502148,0.00004512366,0.00001734303,0.0004287263,0.000007222387,0.0003432873],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8467436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9000648,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.10034811682324,"score_gpt":0.3145271807753028,"score_spread":0.2141790639520628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}