{"id":"W4412653060","doi":"10.1101/2025.07.24.25332148","title":"Invisible Text Injection: The Trojan Horse of AI-Assisted Medical Peer Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"medRxiv","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Trojan horse; Horse; Internet privacy; Computer science; Computer security; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1166199,0.0008526905,0.001129141,0.001459217,0.001746726,0.004479783,0.002415624,0.002410701,0.01084113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.4265457,0.0007753415,0.001170421,0.0007791017,0.005100614,0.005730135,0.004303948,0.00303582,0.003027138],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001814685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005194356,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005030454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006156229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.7533333,0.2033069,0.01052734,0.007131796,0.02371195,0.001988721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.3429321,0.516033,0.05434481,0.06413999,0.01719961,0.005350551],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01104551,0.003158728,0.03515925,0.00895593,0.0013706,0.0009623988,0.02272438,0.01206307,0.03016204,0.05490763,0.04422186,0.7752687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008619153,0.02960678,0.08526026,0.0105766,0.00253072,0.004915837,0.01005258,0.197058,0.07109474,0.2944066,0.2840715,0.001807353],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3655565,0.004951726,0.4991249,0.04880354,0.003099654,0.01077369,0.0008533199,0.009823678,0.05701299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8517925,0.0008395632,0.1308383,0.005968997,0.0007154849,0.005447498,0.0001123709,0.0004529775,0.00383238],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9975893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6167523,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1794734533383686,"score_gpt":0.4731367463642461,"score_spread":0.2936632930258775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}