{"id":"W4412699623","doi":"10.1101/2025.07.24.25331961","title":"Photobiomodulation for Cognitive Dysfunction (Brain Fog) in Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Pilot Trial","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"medRxiv","topic":"Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; Toronto and Region Conservation Authority; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Randomized controlled trial; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Cognition; Medicine; Psychology; Neuroscience; Internal medicine; Virology; Disease","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001508566,0.001068209,0.001965478,0.0004006346,0.0005181113,0.0006409141,0.0007296167,0.001295734,0.006686023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001188209,0.0004088493,0.0012168,0.0003199778,0.000970748,0.0006552875,0.00035245,0.001707537,0.0006682755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004795068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009747907,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007123757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001694627,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995122,0.0001934006,0.00004654461,0.00009680352,0.00005984283,0.00009125795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993235,0.0002128946,0.0001488727,0.00007354211,0.0000687873,0.0001724127],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"randomized_trial","study_design_scores_codex":[0.9347488,0.03691399,0.000353186,0.001067125,0.0005300631,0.0000409735,0.00004699763,0.0000954179,0.006076276,0.0001168786,0.0004703936,0.01953975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.7260724,0.2699762,0.001661304,0.00005251979,0.0003296181,0.00002436306,0.00003099554,0.0001911345,0.001044955,0.00009666161,0.0005080703,0.000011751],"study_design_candidate":"randomized_trial","study_design_consensus":"randomized_trial","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9805759,0.003585448,0.0009107159,0.0002506465,0.0004452238,0.01216362,0.0005454239,0.00009294358,0.001430136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9712739,0.002989935,0.003116909,0.0004761575,0.0005490673,0.01832247,0.0004420045,0.00001951795,0.002810121],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006686023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.022367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03960282078642101,"score_gpt":0.3788389372036604,"score_spread":0.3392361164172394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}