{"id":"W4412699995","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt25.222","title":"Effect of Surface Tension and Gas–Liquid Density Ratio on the Wave Height and Interfacial Shear Stress in Annular Flows","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Coastal and Marine Dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Surface tension; Materials science; Mechanics; Shear stress; Shear (geology); Surface wave; Composite material; Optics; Thermodynamics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003195847,0.0001444389,0.0002006827,0.00006902931,0.00007047027,0.00005288647,0.0001585739,0.00005881744,0.00005877226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004928238,0.00008202921,0.00003886742,0.00008500602,0.0001386248,0.0001142248,0.00004563618,0.0001672674,4.617343e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005544919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001892529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003583741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004561594,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999231,0.0000239798,0.0001949098,0.0002187477,0.0002133794,0.0001179163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996358,0.0001372363,0.00001640599,0.00005349045,0.00012202,0.0000351174],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01299362,0.0001670789,0.3232368,0.0008940127,0.0002355231,0.000006800177,0.002146424,0.0007785521,0.53417,0.07400206,0.000207752,0.05116139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001868711,0.001908579,0.05543704,0.001107145,0.00007957316,0.00001257929,0.0004869063,0.6480422,0.2867215,0.003855252,0.0001624198,0.0003180785],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.992514,0.00005289373,0.00005042863,0.002754722,0.0001714455,0.0002802554,0.00007381804,0.000006405484,0.004096104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994373,0.0003108747,0.00002910889,0.0001052311,0.00001539276,0.000001637505,0.000009922433,0.00000235124,0.00008815277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6472636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3345054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009907288316524722,"score_gpt":0.2061852820113811,"score_spread":0.1962779936948564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}