{"id":"W4412792815","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5374371","title":"Potential Outcome Modeling and Estimation in Did Designs with Staggered Treatments","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Optimal Experimental Design Methods","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Outcome (game theory); Estimation; Econometrics; Computer science; Statistics; Mathematics; Engineering; Mathematical economics; Systems engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008332488,0.0004413291,0.0007668906,0.000898801,0.0002193616,0.0006094598,0.0007988887,0.000275303,0.00002795174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005339051,0.0003186371,0.0001723298,0.0004483405,0.00007224986,0.000408357,0.000415628,0.002906677,0.000009195804],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001996832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003093824,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002430845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002263221,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9940209,0.0008976943,0.001235564,0.0008462021,0.001326509,0.001673079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982913,0.0002930046,0.0005692384,0.0004983395,0.0002087094,0.000139368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001065904,0.0002987385,0.01160642,0.00002172997,0.0004571279,0.00006529218,0.0007562562,0.8581972,0.000781565,0.007786413,0.00001027421,0.1189531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001477795,0.000395674,0.0006085844,0.0001160578,0.0001031088,0.0001971501,0.001362602,0.5558397,0.000142382,0.4394221,0.00000295337,0.0003319],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2998388,0.002072977,0.696884,0.0001944277,0.0002388087,0.0004072074,0.00001058867,0.00002185589,0.0003313645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9088861,0.0007639497,0.08822314,0.00003681199,0.00004809955,0.0000320111,0.000007946241,0.00002589302,0.001975996],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6090474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999266,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1133954960750572,"score_gpt":0.4400589084767011,"score_spread":0.3266634124016439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}