{"id":"W4412847283","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v42i1/1420","title":"Grammar Instruction in ESL Coursebooks and in Second Language Acquisition Research","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TESL Canada Journal","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Grammar; Linguistics; Second-language acquisition; Language education; Psychology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008573086,0.00006708787,0.0001066973,0.0004044301,0.0003093504,0.000197436,0.00007528889,0.00003164439,0.01064756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006975544,0.00006280874,0.00001308067,0.0000603276,0.00006665813,0.0001177541,0.00002094741,0.0008742912,9.836845e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002701938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003529071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.324665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9272572,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991068,0.0001819335,0.0001830459,0.0001073621,0.0001829969,0.0002378513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996896,0.0001088026,0.00003953927,0.00006716329,0.00004760349,0.00004733575],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000389784,0.0001654482,0.0190973,0.0003877381,0.0001451251,0.003313818,0.2656839,0.000186928,0.001750207,0.1119453,0.0769124,0.5200222],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005343117,0.0001658013,0.0785519,0.0009887521,0.00002355079,0.0004293632,0.3897254,0.0009564611,0.0003905628,0.007103766,0.5157026,0.0006186916],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9699391,0.006371416,0.000001708243,0.0004318489,0.0003303207,0.00005447315,0.000004547878,0.00000876977,0.02285784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925994,0.000006198497,0.0000147797,0.003095517,0.0002357519,0.000002822034,0.000004013852,0.000006558784,0.00403497],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6025923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9902568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01858773015487629,"score_gpt":0.277256739943308,"score_spread":0.2586690097884317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}