{"id":"W4412870742","doi":"10.24908/pceea.2025.19680","title":"Assessing Student Perspectives on Engineering Leadership Education in Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA)","topic":"Engineering Education and Curriculum Development","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Educational leadership; Engineering education; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Sociology; Political science; Engineering; Engineering management","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002887138,0.0002418923,0.0002161775,0.0006996672,0.00008394738,0.0001535991,0.0003559291,0.0001231668,0.00001972275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004909228,0.0002651892,0.0000593579,0.001092594,0.000006801096,0.0002523165,0.00001727443,0.0004199649,0.000003875659],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01844835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006908996,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2235379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.441874,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985875,0.000006050912,0.0003947728,0.0002330136,0.0003583129,0.0004202946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992028,0.00006773811,0.0001108582,0.0001372521,0.0003184689,0.0001628432],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003928305,0.0004843707,0.4137951,0.002450119,0.0004610622,4.91815e-7,0.009987587,0.353934,0.003915328,0.0551074,0.1476735,0.01218716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002196881,0.000005327787,0.9508756,0.001143192,0.00003252761,0.000001653756,0.01770394,0.009128071,0.002556333,0.00002975565,0.01781579,0.0004880809],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756598,0.0007813324,0.00003531212,0.003088173,0.006255202,0.0005276976,0.000006533997,0.0001680534,0.01347787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974923,0.0000251736,0.0005429912,0.0002643889,0.0001051593,0.0001278157,0.000006376768,0.00003960632,0.001396176],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5370806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006679831875362563,"score_gpt":0.2217986787795361,"score_spread":0.2151188469041735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}