{"id":"W4412926871","doi":"10.1017/s0012217325000034","title":"Populism, ‘Empty Signifiers’ and Indigenous Resistance in Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Dialogue","topic":"Canadian Identity and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Populism; Resistance (ecology); Indigenous; Political science; Sociology; History; Media studies; Law; Politics; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002604886,0.0004103806,0.0005933373,0.002662896,0.0373509,0.008733843,0.001651469,0.00163998,0.008772477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005251807,0.0002870817,0.0002508604,0.004396834,0.02464177,0.002238269,0.005924766,0.003183081,0.000195969],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1871273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1790649,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9964896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9982964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965209,0.0006173188,0.00005435046,0.0003128208,0.0009258114,0.001568865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968034,0.0008879684,0.0002408987,0.0001159994,0.001089004,0.0008627061],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009393741,0.00004481689,0.01122596,0.0002093818,0.00002645072,0.0008062699,0.4371253,0.0004041934,0.00066225,0.5024053,0.01710835,0.02988775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002605278,0.0000342557,0.03948108,0.0004930981,0.00004809123,0.0002387096,0.4496373,0.00108956,0.0007283639,0.03027759,0.4777837,0.0001621139],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6153611,0.007184481,0.001410026,0.03424059,0.0003620962,0.00007904557,0.0002845373,0.00004949103,0.3410287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.979542,0.001090756,0.000290742,0.000707045,0.00001371655,0.00001139083,0.00002994039,0.00001827192,0.01829613],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1871273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9428172,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006173237461421554,"score_gpt":0.2096957624483037,"score_spread":0.2035225249868821,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}