{"id":"W4412944164","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-73729-2","title":"Single-cell map of the healthy human immune system across the lifespan reveals unique infant immune signatures","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; NOSM University; University of Sudbury; Health Sciences North; Hamilton Health Sciences; Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program","funders":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","keywords":"Immune system; CD14; CD8; Biology; Immunology; T cell; Peripheral blood mononuclear cell; Myeloid; Cytotoxic T cell; Cell biology; Genetics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","open_science","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008916248,0.000420232,0.0005400138,0.00005931277,0.0009990436,0.00008531721,0.005508895,0.001766401,0.000002662685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001384456,0.000290085,0.0005759134,0.000225702,0.0005466263,0.000003887206,0.003856971,0.003532909,0.000001473021],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001040091,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003901497,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005442409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001359493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969915,0.0009892375,0.0009218255,0.0004748663,0.0002601946,0.0003624451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9915376,0.0001933262,0.0007961211,0.00691268,0.0005000245,0.00006020472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001254939,0.0005929802,0.001450469,0.001127748,0.0003538418,5.055995e-7,0.0009251715,0.0003453123,0.9844238,0.006304038,0.004096752,0.0002538689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001894549,0.0003913515,0.01334669,0.002628013,0.0005190523,0.00001396142,0.001510204,0.0002906673,0.6481879,0.0006294838,0.3292358,0.001352378],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5571753,0.3977474,0.0005333718,0.02136813,0.004907079,0.005138665,0.003368352,0.0001976207,0.009564027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99434,0.001223366,0.000802312,0.0007150981,0.0001695363,0.0001586934,0.001121533,0.0000456852,0.001423753],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4371647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999551,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01989423196174019,"score_gpt":0.3004265840156318,"score_spread":0.2805323520538916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}