{"id":"W4412951861","doi":"10.1111/opo.13565","title":"The Waterloo Differential Acuity Test ( <scp>WatDAT</scp> )—Testability and normative data","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","topic":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Foundation Fighting Blindness","keywords":"Visual acuity; Monocular; Significant difference; Medicine; Vision test; Analysis of variance; Test (biology); Ophthalmology; Optometry; Audiology; Psychology; Internal medicine; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006083606,0.0005375082,0.0002774598,0.001944105,0.0002548377,0.0003256323,0.0004722614,0.0003284301,0.00295909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004249015,0.0001158009,0.0002477948,0.0006381372,0.0003241947,0.0004855153,0.0004032297,0.0003805205,0.0006375931],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003110402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002233363,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007636813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005483548,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999384,0.00005116284,0.00009368594,0.0001008376,0.0002988342,0.00007145388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979957,0.0004364677,0.0006814185,0.0001412927,0.0005497431,0.0001953075],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000243565,0.0001534771,0.9750506,0.00006378293,0.00003276589,0.001560185,0.0003484917,0.0001533398,0.003929121,0.00009485546,0.001104492,0.01726528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008314385,0.0002054341,0.9920152,0.00001843466,0.00001132226,0.005395782,0.0001307536,0.0002124813,0.001126065,0.00002672229,0.0008438306,0.000005512254],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950572,0.0003069414,0.0007654627,0.0000246637,0.00001211356,0.00004403503,0.001565188,0.00004694041,0.002177487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971896,0.0001124312,0.0006212907,0.00001130752,0.000006755752,0.00005988813,0.001584485,0.00001144843,0.000402719],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007636813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0151847,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06979483813421287,"score_gpt":0.3607355320001564,"score_spread":0.2909406938659435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}