{"id":"W4412981620","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2024-0420","title":"Impediments to the protection and recovery of freshwater aquatic species at risk: ultimate causation in perspective","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","topic":"Environmental Conservation and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Causation; Ecology; Geography; Biology; Computer science; Epistemology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005637162,0.001199441,0.0008435891,0.002130746,0.003114798,0.00772495,0.002482438,0.005026534,0.004598436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00852259,0.0004548112,0.0007091356,0.001257907,0.0210485,0.0111438,0.006262028,0.009149646,0.0003632426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01164904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01299232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03470904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06957608,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961665,0.001541164,0.0001722183,0.0004595496,0.0007757574,0.0008848185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936368,0.003237281,0.0008007917,0.0002894971,0.001440548,0.0005949558],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002457852,0.00003804153,0.003452932,0.0004251973,0.0000385889,0.0005784949,0.001327584,0.004911175,0.0002790629,0.965256,0.007757291,0.01591112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001160875,0.0001045943,0.005044522,0.001358938,0.00008100676,0.0004394035,0.01047869,0.004113846,0.0007420463,0.8487074,0.1288458,0.0000721184],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04751283,0.05654241,0.08832156,0.4521556,0.004383269,0.0001969384,0.0004865232,0.0001542914,0.3502465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9121661,0.04432856,0.01043691,0.02147454,0.001698145,0.0001391329,0.0001282338,0.00006284466,0.009565528],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.965291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0845201,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01443370655067376,"score_gpt":0.2115994801457907,"score_spread":0.1971657735951169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}