{"id":"W4413031354","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2025.118475","title":"Impact of operational parameters on arsenic impurities in Sb2O3(s) and Bi2O3(s) recovery from copper electrorefining: A viable alternative to refiners?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Metal Extraction and Bioleaching","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"EIT RawMaterials; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Generalitat de Catalunya; China Scholarship Council; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats","keywords":"Electrowinning; Arsenic; Copper; Metallurgy; Impurity; Chemistry; Antimony; Environmental science; Materials science; Electrolyte; Electrode","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004957909,0.0004395715,0.0003803388,0.0002642693,0.0002400569,0.000894438,0.0004881023,0.0004531883,0.001262046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009739919,0.0002124955,0.0003132752,0.0003284728,0.0002825347,0.0007161703,0.0003493159,0.0005685428,0.0006362637],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003702789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003401928,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002548923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004850376,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996009,0.00005065146,0.00004669779,0.0001038638,0.000114859,0.00008300578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997278,0.00008315196,0.00005767777,0.00002133976,0.00008935838,0.00002066847],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006723322,0.0001203699,0.001054707,0.0002987342,0.0000247438,0.0001028189,0.00009059974,0.0005927559,0.9877222,0.0001109405,0.0002113728,0.008998489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001342275,0.0005108519,0.002815625,0.00002345042,0.00004504713,0.00005418745,0.0001635901,0.001319685,0.9928083,0.00005548114,0.002168702,0.00002159007],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932046,0.002493321,0.001917289,0.0001806316,0.0000658967,0.00003349031,0.0004121029,0.0001101991,0.001582351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955087,0.001516875,0.001691764,0.00008203767,0.00001233761,0.00002677528,0.0002743601,0.00006490605,0.0008223401],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002548923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005068183,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005784787276836554,"score_gpt":0.2156260266117223,"score_spread":0.2098412393348857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}