{"id":"W4413042413","doi":"10.1016/j.tsc.2025.101946","title":"Creative learning environments and mathematics self-efficacy as predictors of mathematics achievement: Insights from PISA 2022 across three countries – Korea, Canada, and Türkiye","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Thinking Skills and Creativity","topic":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Psychology; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004048461,0.0003121138,0.0005146418,0.00006911127,0.0005575626,0.00008406029,0.0001617161,0.0001484502,0.0001178941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001261475,0.0002764337,0.00003321211,0.000138732,0.0003532,0.0001395947,0.0001851645,0.0002670419,0.000001825716],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008569253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001199676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1031154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07471178,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983172,0.0001497885,0.0004366346,0.000450682,0.0003479696,0.0002977627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980683,0.001082544,0.0003703065,0.0003327451,0.00004200771,0.0001040795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002462496,0.001613756,0.8498423,0.0002005689,0.0007172253,0.000005518699,0.1298871,0.000003498297,0.00009922,0.01647075,0.0001365391,0.0009989671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00127815,0.0001510398,0.96149,0.0003499341,0.0002865158,0.000003227145,0.01587808,0.00005138821,0.0004907842,0.0183532,0.001385799,0.0002819301],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943399,0.001161,0.0005971354,0.0001189632,0.0002017002,0.0004378316,0.0001204324,0.00004066483,0.002982325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957529,0.0006551685,0.0007676598,0.0001200248,0.00004868972,0.00003436936,0.00006008396,0.00002485798,0.002536259],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.114009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007007692478361228,"score_gpt":0.272716974662553,"score_spread":0.2657092821841917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}