{"id":"W4413094530","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01065-5","title":"Prenatal exposure to genocide accelerates epigenetic aging in third- and fourth-generation clocks among young adults in Rwanda","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications Medicine","topic":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"University of Illinois at Chicago; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Dartmouth College","keywords":"Genocide; Epigenetics; Medicine; Demography; Psychology; Biology; Genetics; Gene","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004599423,0.0001251564,0.0001586764,0.0002240441,0.0001157594,0.00002144062,0.0003152722,0.0001167803,0.000004690836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004028712,0.0001236583,0.00001793633,0.000327592,0.0001160026,0.000007262229,0.0002866538,0.0001522917,8.096912e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003455138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006153292,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006139232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01061846,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998955,0.0001551836,0.0003656889,0.0002735151,0.0000854501,0.0001652246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989229,0.00005791599,0.00006370321,0.0007914709,0.00009340879,0.0000706035],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005705707,0.00009059576,0.6276674,0.00008183024,0.0000333709,0.000002883447,0.002884748,0.001917191,0.3185014,0.0003083613,0.000373076,0.04808203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002537287,0.0003440876,0.8835722,0.0006674626,0.00003062701,0.000002723193,0.001056046,0.004758216,0.1019919,0.000696989,0.004029922,0.0003125663],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9698279,0.02160398,0.004278885,0.002361768,0.00009765333,0.0003979316,0.000004257978,0.000008566736,0.00141904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901236,0.005884439,0.00306293,0.0002458291,0.00007807463,0.00009597233,0.0002593181,0.00001095662,0.0002389203],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2559047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5925348,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01806383147902315,"score_gpt":0.2959613031663852,"score_spread":0.2778974716873621,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}