{"id":"W4413095370","doi":"10.11647/obp.0477.04","title":"4. The Failure of the Dawes’ Act in America and Canadian Attempts to Privatize Indigenous Reserves","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Open Book Publishers","topic":"Canadian Identity and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Allotment; Legislation; Political science; Mainstream; Resistance (ecology); Development economics; Environmental protection; Law; Geography; Economics; Market economy; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007506702,0.000304672,0.0002398787,0.001499442,0.01970325,0.007488451,0.0009157223,0.002033674,0.007062099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001443764,0.0002770794,0.0002726891,0.002849265,0.01268345,0.001701874,0.001702324,0.0025548,0.0004413775],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1074191,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1024517,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9902604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9962115,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979761,0.0001213306,0.00002183924,0.0001343222,0.0009443507,0.0008020182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993387,0.000108323,0.00003990283,0.00002456305,0.0003722486,0.0001162213],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001068502,0.00001243828,0.001344233,0.00008424612,0.000005455716,0.0002950473,0.04005416,0.000215231,0.0003404967,0.87543,0.06019862,0.02200956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003637928,0.00000574453,0.006391483,0.0001726537,0.00000885605,0.0001212537,0.0215566,0.0001359966,0.0002727363,0.008676924,0.9626278,0.000026381],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04252952,0.0105007,0.000480901,0.01980324,0.0003646439,0.00003344622,0.0001551618,0.00003671436,0.9260957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4877724,0.0114605,0.001221189,0.005564025,0.0001091753,0.00002638236,0.000119265,0.00006518299,0.4936619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1074191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7793839,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01194290020712796,"score_gpt":0.2395596226874993,"score_spread":0.2276167224803713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}