{"id":"W4413097727","doi":"10.1016/j.animal.2025.101617","title":"Review: Effect of breeding strategies, feeding and manure management, to mitigate methane emissions in dairy cattle farming: an overview and the road ahead","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"animal","topic":"Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Libera Università di Bolzano","keywords":"Methane emissions; Agriculture; Manure; Manure management; Dairy cattle; Environmental science; Methane; Agricultural science; Dairy farming; Greenhouse gas; Business; Agronomy; Animal science; Biology; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003932598,0.00009026971,0.0002369658,0.00001846637,0.00007927151,0.00002158636,0.0001022306,0.00003321873,0.00001696564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004198525,0.00003166422,0.00003167064,0.0002702763,0.00008455372,0.00008505798,0.000105289,0.00006732439,9.345395e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005478842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002618697,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000260626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001227909,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999329,0.0001433636,0.0001487774,0.0001957137,0.00004907779,0.0001340306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996849,0.0001775156,0.00003865917,0.00003463725,0.00001605785,0.00004820009],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007377133,0.0001001337,0.01424913,0.001883291,0.00004297928,0.000009605275,0.0002148482,9.309189e-7,0.7684956,0.02899193,0.003952227,0.1813216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009792941,0.0009895114,0.9763379,0.003022185,0.00007384899,0.000008249788,0.001208229,0.00003335336,0.003287039,0.001640558,0.01224678,0.0001730247],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9721527,0.02234146,3.679172e-7,0.0035612,0.0000219978,0.0003437279,0.000007705526,0.000009926241,0.001560888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879646,0.01126396,0.0000167099,0.0006161466,0.00002154273,0.00002608609,0.000009785917,4.809381e-7,0.00008062758],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9620888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.129123,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03289044255752023,"score_gpt":0.316177758516464,"score_spread":0.2832873159589437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}