{"id":"W4413098501","doi":"10.1139/facets-2024-0020","title":"Analysis of two decades of Landsat satellite images reveals long-term changes in aquatic and terrestrial vegetation in Bimini, The Bahamas with coastal development","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"FACETS","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Save Our Seas Foundation; National Geographic Society","keywords":"Seagrass; Habitat; Mangrove; Vegetation (pathology); Marine habitats; Geography; Deforestation (computer science); Ecosystem; Satellite imagery; Remote sensing; Environmental science; Mangrove ecosystem; Ecology; Physical geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002131177,0.00007008603,0.000211018,0.0001227697,0.00002267726,0.000007137578,0.00006179704,0.00001490826,0.000009233274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002089662,0.00004301861,0.00001396228,0.0004743996,0.00006926632,0.00004053759,0.0001211051,0.00003231698,9.765093e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002574331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007812775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009315936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1747946,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994302,0.00004643475,0.00019489,0.0001276438,0.000108867,0.00009195569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997393,0.00008986433,0.00008257167,0.00007403379,0.000003069197,0.00001112414],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002930158,0.00002419181,0.9805163,0.00003313316,0.00005969038,0.000001525004,0.001364289,0.00008071075,0.001336893,0.000002234328,0.000005103998,0.01654664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004494568,0.00002904115,0.9962472,0.0001041686,0.00005887827,2.637807e-7,0.0001430827,0.0001295972,0.002739028,0.00002202825,0.00003065303,0.00004660935],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989682,0.0002271921,0.00002549348,0.0002237117,0.00001996234,0.0001910048,0.000002364052,0.000002633323,0.0003394208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995971,0.0001081519,0.0001127796,0.00001194638,0.000002815993,0.00001948779,0.000006030718,0.000001716085,0.0001399254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.173863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8402632,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01288874693816721,"score_gpt":0.258727264284386,"score_spread":0.2458385173462188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}