{"id":"W4413113212","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgaf201","title":"Development of a multiple linear regression model for chronic nickel toxicity to <i>Ceriodaphnia dubia:</i> performance of bicarbonate vs. pH as toxicity modifying factors","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","topic":"Environmental and Social Impact Assessments","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"ASL Environmental Sciences (Canada); Windsor Clinical Research; Nautilus Environmental; WSP (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Ceriodaphnia dubia; Toxicity; Chronic toxicity; Cladocera; Bicarbonate; Environmental chemistry; Linear regression; Toxicology; Chemistry; Biology; Mathematics; Ecology; Statistics; Acute toxicity; Crustacean; Endocrinology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001808962,0.001428253,0.0008174353,0.0008957163,0.0003041374,0.001185662,0.001607884,0.001091695,0.002066301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002974993,0.0006131846,0.002439832,0.0006547225,0.0002836066,0.0007070848,0.0007309313,0.001383511,0.0008574533],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001122649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001546788,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03379073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02297157,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995304,0.0001125228,0.00003671537,0.0002054025,0.00005203348,0.00006289918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988973,0.000640079,0.0001287855,0.00003755973,0.0002521152,0.00004405044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003529929,0.0001926798,0.04150471,0.0002741414,0.0005195532,0.0002102994,0.0001126237,0.9000749,0.01224113,0.0009595909,0.002074506,0.04148288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001820254,0.0001017305,0.004880392,0.00001566981,0.00007392467,0.00003072673,0.00003114463,0.9916983,0.001639489,0.0003707508,0.001113611,0.00002609886],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7057704,0.001668519,0.2758512,0.00125214,0.0001985691,0.0002975503,0.007273788,0.003606892,0.004080951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.930825,0.0004651227,0.05875421,0.0002358463,0.0000465862,0.0004679314,0.004528549,0.0001921358,0.004484518],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03379073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06718808,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01358899338701455,"score_gpt":0.2651565085501382,"score_spread":0.2515675151631236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}