{"id":"W4413129622","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2025-15-3-31-38","title":"Elite vs “Middle Class”: The Defining Conflict of Global Instability in the First Quarter of the 21st Century","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Humanities and Social Sciences Bulletin of the Financial University","topic":"Economic Development and Digital Transformation","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Elite; Middle class; Politics; Dominance (genetics); Political science; Period (music); Power (physics); Upper class; Political economy; Quarter (Canadian coin); Sociology; Gender studies; Law; History; Aesthetics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001452345,0.0001936481,0.000226122,0.001853259,0.005114236,0.00773354,0.0003718705,0.001121266,0.002996427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00198695,0.00007192752,0.0001538928,0.001630832,0.007227743,0.00348172,0.003782332,0.00162643,0.0002038431],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00343607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001409778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007069443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00848365,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988843,0.000366892,0.0000341406,0.000111139,0.0001831776,0.0004203959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993529,0.0001841767,0.000177426,0.00003665574,0.00005596827,0.0001929553],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001467073,0.00007446303,0.03094773,0.00009440834,0.00002214552,0.0008908723,0.2562155,0.0001025746,0.0004510194,0.6412863,0.008715089,0.06105328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002303002,0.0001972262,0.1424027,0.0005423346,0.00003109025,0.0008088402,0.3344314,0.00034131,0.000759579,0.1337092,0.3867017,0.00005154082],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7031696,0.009947574,0.001376398,0.02548121,0.0006868291,0.0000233009,0.00007214542,0.00002005061,0.2592229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954637,0.0008173585,0.00006549499,0.0008136766,0.0001973965,0.000004783549,0.00001015343,0.000007190497,0.002620418],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00773354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0249306,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03546887015242294,"score_gpt":0.1882171333365922,"score_spread":0.1527482631841692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}