{"id":"W4413213075","doi":"10.1109/access.2025.3597575","title":"A Review of Explainable AI for Android Malware Detection and Analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Access","topic":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University","funders":"MasterCard","keywords":"Computer science; Malware; Android malware; Android (operating system); Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Human–computer interaction; Operating system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002298385,0.00008511017,0.000246778,0.0003436329,0.00008366779,0.00006656295,0.0004505327,0.00004073999,0.000003280037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009759577,0.00008239261,0.00008939351,0.001648794,0.00002272409,0.0007865763,0.0001251904,0.0000570307,2.450902e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003149667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002551819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003289053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002956307,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992582,0.00002830597,0.0002273833,0.0002839217,0.00008115407,0.0001210835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991319,0.00008253616,0.0001203803,0.0003911148,0.0002481553,0.00002589867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005879157,0.00009806379,0.001559387,0.01453172,0.0004573445,0.000004776057,0.00008888382,0.0002601609,0.00886893,0.00417359,0.005889341,0.964009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004439427,0.0001956849,0.001540915,0.001988543,0.0003790645,0.000008894343,0.00001008126,0.02649516,0.9063247,0.03034404,0.03192861,0.000340405],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008847252,0.004717906,0.9932578,0.0003058799,0.0001209409,0.0003846609,0.000004634125,0.0001691023,0.0001543068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9317753,0.00871657,0.0543143,0.004066007,0.00003248295,0.0006861783,0.000003511316,0.00001244382,0.0003931463],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9636686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3359873,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0153402262381496,"score_gpt":0.3490480505682984,"score_spread":0.3337078243301488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}