{"id":"W4413221985","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00630","title":"Biocalcification Induces the Preferential Settling of Small Buoyant Microplastics in Freshwater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Water Security Agency","funders":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars; China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Microplastics; Settling; Environmental science; Oceanography; Fishery; Biology; Geology; Environmental engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003544855,0.0001400953,0.0001227783,0.0003345667,0.0002302909,0.00002263124,0.0006933342,0.0001029866,0.0001878057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005002512,0.0001039109,0.0000284935,0.0009816507,0.003088293,0.00009696715,0.0004697165,0.0002477583,0.00007381015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002846741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001731831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000991796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001707977,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986688,0.00002896213,0.0002950002,0.0004006374,0.0002301814,0.0003764116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994875,0.00005401267,0.000110073,0.000315618,0.000001755312,0.00003107094],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000858287,0.00006050399,0.05417019,0.000002213933,0.000003444428,0.000001390443,0.00009947854,0.001919451,0.9407908,0.0002481952,0.0001158653,0.002579829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003569636,0.00004863427,0.1945514,0.00003931591,0.0000216664,0.000007966606,0.0002865131,0.003180312,0.7973583,0.0005191478,0.003426335,0.0002034049],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909176,0.00002987073,0.006333468,0.002039454,0.0002370582,0.0002027152,0.00002095363,0.00002217064,0.0001966765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978504,0.00002111222,0.001798251,0.0002612221,0.000007657666,0.00001496329,0.000004492467,0.000005160698,0.00003679475],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1434325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996247,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005698544644739758,"score_gpt":0.1926322424609685,"score_spread":0.1869336978162287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}