{"id":"W4413223148","doi":"10.3390/jrfm18080447","title":"Development of the ESG Pillar Scores and Data Availability: Empirical Evidence from the Insurance Industry","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pillar; Descriptive statistics; Business; Insurance industry; Actuarial science; Stock exchange; Econometrics; Statistics; Economics; Finance; Engineering; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001685903,0.0001620853,0.0004279191,0.0001264262,0.0003271761,0.0000749469,0.0009006533,0.0001178531,0.000008747098],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006818753,0.0001102317,0.00007636472,0.000434787,0.0002008189,0.0002838334,0.0009605111,0.0004675339,0.000003962523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005386363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007488731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001504835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001613818,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982336,0.00004919625,0.001052152,0.0003450355,0.0001241269,0.0001959277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982244,0.0001854723,0.000813236,0.0006755824,0.00006271288,0.00003860984],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000818148,0.00006408173,0.846153,0.00006567375,0.00005864718,0.000005716451,0.0009676929,0.00001482269,0.000001169708,0.008650919,0.002470631,0.1414658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003951151,0.00002196539,0.8166075,0.0003153586,0.00004012631,0.000001062092,0.0001947604,0.00004349365,0.00001564863,0.01117809,0.1710882,0.00009859962],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9703208,0.01602167,0.01089568,0.001056329,0.0007364957,0.0002992444,0.00009621293,0.000004338982,0.0005692083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849721,0.01196887,0.002350501,0.0004656148,0.0001163519,0.000006164902,0.000001254815,0.000007100087,0.0001120931],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1686176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4495119,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06202254705115223,"score_gpt":0.2701284337116266,"score_spread":0.2081058866604744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}