{"id":"W4413266246","doi":"10.5194/nhess-25-2629-2025","title":"Invited perspectives: Thunderstorm intensification from mountains to plains","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural hazards and earth system sciences","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Agencia Estatal de Meteorología; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine; Universität für Bodenkultur Wien; Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; KU Leuven; Université de Toulouse; Advanced Research Projects Agency; European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites; Università degli Studi di Genova; Akademie Věd České Republiky; University of Bern","keywords":"Thunderstorm; Storm; Orography; Terrain; Climate change; Severe weather; Convective storm detection; Climatology; Meteorology; Environmental science; Geography; Geology; Cartography; Precipitation","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002512559,0.0004873772,0.0003841994,0.000723387,0.0005124278,0.001966037,0.0006086787,0.002366395,0.01610593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003295809,0.0001290775,0.0004788817,0.0009167019,0.0005196646,0.0017612,0.001388576,0.002539168,0.002242427],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007570743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001320471,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002033437,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002556054,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993383,0.0002690738,0.00003320814,0.0001459842,0.0001149057,0.00009833917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974008,0.00117414,0.0001987838,0.00006501397,0.0007511559,0.0004101313],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002639488,0.0000445335,0.003806748,0.005302536,0.00009038927,0.001007606,0.002816481,0.000816694,0.002269299,0.01698307,0.7526251,0.2139736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001012631,0.0000571584,0.003796857,0.001317555,0.00003078695,0.0003239316,0.001945876,0.0001275083,0.0005051162,0.003582204,0.9882843,0.00001842241],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.01050412,0.5131634,0.003707258,0.263062,0.1607988,0.00009483197,0.002029787,0.0001579356,0.04648184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1198858,0.5466032,0.003837228,0.08622346,0.1934079,0.0001458982,0.001792055,0.0002219287,0.04788251],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01610593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05387968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01844497737014739,"score_gpt":0.2510417272624118,"score_spread":0.2325967498922644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}