{"id":"W4413280508","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02616-5","title":"The revolution in strong lensing discoveries from Euclid","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Astronomy","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Science and Technology Facilities Council; University of Portsmouth; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Royal Society; Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto","keywords":"Astronomy; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004598039,0.0005404879,0.0006737704,0.001228762,0.00115351,0.002710241,0.0004861511,0.001045047,0.00387392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009034391,0.0003693454,0.0003494397,0.0007597266,0.004597509,0.005782409,0.003927833,0.003897317,0.001194172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002623871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001223486,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001220661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001167096,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984302,0.0003636226,0.00006309101,0.0003543218,0.00057248,0.0002162307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949611,0.00165698,0.0004332469,0.001545449,0.0007894435,0.0006137091],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008201707,0.00003831993,0.004006831,0.0004068911,0.00006801046,0.0002165885,0.001051754,0.001256369,0.005790089,0.7829734,0.04271619,0.1606553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001235871,0.0001383576,0.01489201,0.000383215,0.00003229333,0.0007314364,0.0004474701,0.00151811,0.007184311,0.4473865,0.5270327,0.0001300326],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.245807,0.1139723,0.04347513,0.1335878,0.01035954,0.00009610596,0.002889485,0.002204349,0.4476083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9208427,0.01727255,0.02027961,0.01428681,0.004224427,0.00005561476,0.000697962,0.0004406135,0.02189969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004598039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02431703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003478474588978948,"score_gpt":0.2191603901531586,"score_spread":0.2156819155641796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}