{"id":"W4413411094","doi":"10.1061/jggefk.gteng-13954","title":"2024 Terzaghi Lecture: Soil Models in Prediction, Design, and Geotechnical Problem-Solving","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Terzaghi's principle; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Soil mechanics; Soil liquefaction; Soil water; Soil science; Pore water pressure; Liquefaction","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005188133,0.0003077812,0.0004952546,0.000451917,0.00004827046,0.00005100142,0.0001894891,0.0002908885,0.00001183158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005227049,0.0002828211,0.0001223271,0.0003920769,0.00007702642,0.0002665062,0.0001364008,0.0009802699,0.00000101007],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000140004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001244964,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008469149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.164995e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983589,0.00002059646,0.0007568182,0.0002490422,0.0002354612,0.0003791882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994516,0.0001284432,0.00005964671,0.0001767684,0.00001359071,0.0001699686],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001320083,0.0000475814,0.00001726212,0.0001118426,0.00007501339,0.00002608485,0.00002100196,0.9909878,0.003631543,0.000100929,0.0001007288,0.004867043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006307457,0.0001021575,0.001807398,0.0003502249,0.00008353397,0.0001498797,0.00001705977,0.9933252,0.0009010643,0.001297247,0.001095471,0.0002400436],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2894301,0.00659381,0.7028581,0.0003717558,0.0001993703,0.0002410268,0.000006087516,0.000224348,0.00007536842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993634,0.00245847,0.003723633,0.00003255603,0.00005318346,0.00001430598,0.000001518443,0.00003449019,0.00004779853],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7042039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999624,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003378624281619452,"score_gpt":0.162501703804605,"score_spread":0.1591230795229856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}