{"id":"W4413435913","doi":"10.1017/eds.2025.10015.pr3","title":"Review: Discrete variational autoencoders for synthetic nighttime visible satellite imagery — R0/PR3","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"peer-review","venue":"","topic":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Satellite; Satellite imagery; Remote sensing; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Geography; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002185099,0.0007754066,0.001615112,0.000395428,0.0001419995,0.00008795721,0.0006218971,0.0005026204,0.004793843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00306448,0.000695538,0.0008105354,0.0005719502,0.00006439491,0.0002145035,0.0001289982,0.0007442082,0.0002883073],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003178932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002781329,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001203144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004281944,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965711,0.0002996093,0.001234206,0.0007729854,0.0004624428,0.0006597138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961736,0.002004916,0.0002363606,0.001034428,0.0004413968,0.0001093608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005088143,0.000006718165,1.829965e-7,0.05711864,0.0002714978,0.000002124652,0.000007104386,0.002127074,0.00004434372,0.0003606259,0.9275853,0.01247129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001298225,0.00002514414,0.000003522579,0.01564978,0.0006220003,0.00001247471,0.000003385196,0.005889111,0.0005131594,0.002022549,0.9743938,0.0007352481],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[4.648741e-8,0.4402012,0.4489849,0.01260687,0.007131774,0.002169569,0.0009806437,0.00136424,0.08656081],"genre_scores_gemma":[9.075207e-8,0.4026768,0.379054,0.005612884,0.0003798172,0.0009445639,0.001497768,0.0001162895,0.2097178],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.123157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995496,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03411183167194279,"score_gpt":0.3211768424646604,"score_spread":0.2870650107927176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}