{"id":"W4413470150","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103659","title":"Systematic Review of Gender Differences in Reference Letters for Postgraduate Surgical Training Programs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of surgical education","topic":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Medical education; Training (meteorology); Medicine; Psychology; General surgery; Computer science; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02604972,0.001335892,0.00703215,0.01194344,0.001016838,0.002915209,0.002076516,0.002014776,0.006800951],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1772699,0.000902896,0.007095582,0.01207877,0.001404412,0.003094019,0.001863894,0.001162928,0.000487733],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005535522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01738292,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005898817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01821429,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9580798,0.0195747,0.01393554,0.001900456,0.005812817,0.0006966533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8281265,0.1313031,0.0271537,0.002057094,0.01049158,0.0008680014],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"incentives","domain_candidate":"incentives","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004016121,0.00002096783,0.00161307,0.9494771,0.006967753,0.00011655,0.0006264364,0.00005412511,0.00009706054,0.0001643308,0.001993861,0.03846724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004188786,0.0003328785,0.00646961,0.9427013,0.03440156,0.0003579488,0.000934464,0.00005286455,0.0001904345,0.0002670341,0.01383477,0.00003815881],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.005853138,0.9893759,0.0005036237,0.0006696919,0.0003682176,0.00108977,0.001233291,0.00002176938,0.0008844799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.09877459,0.8893479,0.003511745,0.002366821,0.0003161804,0.004090477,0.001092112,0.00002920343,0.0004709279],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9739503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1377657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1055047424203981,"score_gpt":0.3736989495180217,"score_spread":0.2681942070976236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}