{"id":"W4413497646","doi":"10.64628/aam.xuemw6w5r","title":"‘Forever contaminant’ road salts pose an icy dilemma: Do we protect drivers or our fresh water?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Smart Materials for Construction","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Dilemma; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Astrobiology; Mining engineering; Geology; Physics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003170267,0.0001987311,0.000188438,0.00007199214,0.0001966058,0.00009550925,0.0002782454,0.0001046917,0.005357786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000231054,0.0001265939,0.00005479727,0.0002472337,0.0001006039,0.0006387472,0.0003021676,0.00008255115,0.008769136],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001580077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001188037,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002624705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002364717,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983904,0.00009048223,0.0002461924,0.0004560327,0.0003303983,0.0004864809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994042,0.000008277713,0.00005591179,0.0003735715,0.000008520511,0.0001495491],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003929735,0.0001875924,0.2252207,0.0000595793,0.00005511407,0.000323739,0.002211741,0.0003576721,0.6863673,0.0002128644,0.03345381,0.05115698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00229289,0.0007979696,0.615307,0.00007140225,0.00005279662,0.0001894553,0.002705445,0.0009935567,0.3028812,0.001420488,0.07221802,0.001069731],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965037,0.000001255403,0.00002648077,0.0006880382,0.0009506026,0.0006148742,0.00001880609,0.0003623205,0.0008339405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964724,0.0000152638,0.0006235914,0.00005719064,0.0001378148,0.00006138588,0.00002499136,0.00002984331,0.002577479],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3900864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955515,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01629025417474303,"score_gpt":0.2462046460070026,"score_spread":0.2299143918322596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}