{"id":"W4413619633","doi":"10.64628/aam.e3vcsf7tf","title":"Border walls are ineffective, costly and fatal — but we keep building them","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Border Security; Architectural engineering; Computer security; Computer science; International trade; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000313797,0.00007830616,0.0001003557,0.00002395291,0.001225817,0.0003782349,0.0001672329,0.00007953656,0.0003926958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004765432,0.00005973596,0.0000308501,0.00003468367,0.000167256,0.0006197128,0.00003295406,0.00007476065,0.00003438097],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003962592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004160918,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005293573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03860888,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993317,0.00006678613,0.00009476243,0.000168615,0.0001836397,0.0001544858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994884,0.00007172139,0.0001033419,0.0001609179,0.0001078264,0.00006785556],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004237669,0.0001144342,0.232443,0.00003774995,0.00006490914,0.000004225252,0.03473848,0.00000245487,0.00814628,0.4978226,0.01074841,0.2158351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001202953,0.0001575607,0.3900229,0.0001836267,0.00004940473,0.000004469749,0.02561291,0.0008262809,0.01511003,0.03481454,0.5312521,0.0007631182],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9068999,0.0001164054,0.001167748,0.001530005,0.0002105438,0.0002135801,0.000005840936,0.00005418642,0.08980183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857302,0.0004231755,0.0004723799,0.0001104847,0.0002394586,0.00001027205,0.000002406945,0.000005595732,0.01300602],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5205038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.978934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02991121113093798,"score_gpt":0.3444757962556997,"score_spread":0.3145645851247617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}