{"id":"W4413799411","doi":"10.1111/corg.70000","title":"Does Regulator as a Minority Shareholder Affect Bond Yield Spreads? A Quasi‐Natural Experiment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Corporate Governance An International Review","topic":"Credit Risk and Financial Regulations","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Expropriation; Shareholder; Business; Corporate governance; Bond; Reputation; Creditor; Emerging markets; Accounting; Insider; Financial system; Monetary economics; Finance; Economics; Market economy; Debt; Law; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01520251,0.000817648,0.001669984,0.0003423085,0.001729569,0.001739078,0.001845327,0.003698761,0.03003295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0187207,0.0007496089,0.001615491,0.0002515158,0.002172563,0.001497335,0.001070193,0.00355098,0.002344724],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009024041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002499235,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001338849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001173385,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9919247,0.004063364,0.0003926667,0.001842982,0.0006480626,0.001128171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9724365,0.01346539,0.008050893,0.003307482,0.001198976,0.001540775],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.385684,0.2805589,0.1403213,0.004191999,0.00469778,0.001745269,0.01030854,0.003739686,0.03626537,0.04223827,0.01554646,0.07470226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.1142418,0.3706677,0.3583115,0.001041695,0.008063274,0.0004049321,0.007910026,0.03560076,0.01929957,0.04497363,0.03894003,0.0005450451],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9775449,0.0002702946,0.005075229,0.001132912,0.0007156172,0.008893235,0.001143052,0.00008436152,0.005140353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9527282,0.0001508805,0.005743007,0.001627801,0.0002366983,0.02896949,0.000360691,0.00002269857,0.0101606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03003295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1004702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04858326569748672,"score_gpt":0.29026978127488,"score_spread":0.2416865155773933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}