{"id":"W4413803120","doi":"10.29173/mlj1471","title":"Limitations of the Common Law Adversarial Process: How Independent Judicial Research Could Have Avoided the Wrongful Conviction in R v Mullins- Johnson","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Manitoba Law Journal","topic":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Adversarial system; Conviction; Law; Common law; Economic Justice; Process (computing); Political science; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.08739147,0.0005560314,0.001286644,0.00170477,0.007858922,0.01220415,0.004162995,0.01376231,0.004104333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1248942,0.0006143961,0.001097012,0.0008703708,0.0328414,0.01298663,0.00785707,0.01293092,0.0006826623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01002974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02073663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02405868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0222204,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9584042,0.02585603,0.001162692,0.004744505,0.006194765,0.003637792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9307026,0.05060519,0.0031536,0.007873964,0.005118632,0.002546003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000439775,0.00003043407,0.0005756576,0.00003185295,0.00002111666,0.0001574021,0.0007765977,0.001435903,0.000106422,0.9871545,0.003107037,0.006558917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009074347,0.00006842142,0.000552144,0.0003018388,0.00004875061,0.0001314018,0.0005607756,0.004500344,0.0007326477,0.9679236,0.02502646,0.0000628455],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.1128851,0.00741963,0.1173473,0.4245965,0.001478778,0.0004992621,0.0001022179,0.000245054,0.3354262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9505956,0.001033689,0.01487535,0.02139513,0.0004991035,0.0002312401,0.00001609263,0.00005275755,0.01130101],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9759413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4621758,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1150156184311577,"score_gpt":0.2854053978852732,"score_spread":0.1703897794541155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}