{"id":"W4413836822","doi":"10.1007/s00170-025-16436-4","title":"Wire arc additive manufacturing of low alloyed steels, copper aluminum alloys, and their bimetals","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","topic":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Metallurgy; Materials science; Copper; Aluminium; Industrial and production engineering; Arc (geometry); Mechanical engineering; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002427935,0.0002980424,0.0004841368,0.000561109,0.00006976732,0.00004536266,0.0009440206,0.0001455157,0.00006670086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009804876,0.0002065182,0.000111388,0.00007049541,0.0002711028,0.000267306,0.000289353,0.000417902,0.000002863603],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009504079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003853799,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004419936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008667193,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986485,0.00002917963,0.0006274306,0.0001917479,0.0002377874,0.0002653999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988647,0.0002988225,0.0003625934,0.0002427631,0.0001885339,0.0000425993],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008009289,0.0001647547,0.00007829483,0.0005780207,0.003539845,0.0001129576,0.0009766823,0.04367142,0.397235,0.003259697,0.002916748,0.5466656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006437856,0.00007088043,0.001129662,0.0004139404,0.00003169649,0.0001201834,0.0005106083,0.00005340651,0.9642637,0.01728573,0.01530423,0.0001721174],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929877,0.001588825,0.001932057,0.001026757,0.001382801,0.0001627816,0.00007328402,0.0001356417,0.0007101838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959493,0.002428933,0.001195178,0.0001092385,0.0001479789,0.00001201531,0.000007116854,0.00003224519,0.0001180388],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5670288,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8421566,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005047413325562901,"score_gpt":0.2190743965757738,"score_spread":0.2140269832502109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}