{"id":"W4414016326","doi":"10.1007/s40261-025-01476-1","title":"Off-Label Prescription of Benzodiazepines: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Prescribing Prevalence in Primary Care","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Drug Investigation","topic":"Sleep and related disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Montreal General Hospital; McGill University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Medicine; Medical prescription; Benzodiazepine; Off-label use; Pharmacy; Pharmacoepidemiology; Pharmacotherapy; Psychiatry; Pediatrics; Family medicine; Internal medicine; Pharmacology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009816602,0.0001458493,0.0004697512,0.0002343926,0.0000396672,0.000006630775,0.0002303945,0.0002550056,0.00003220787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008174342,0.0001428097,0.00008158547,0.0006547768,0.0003389695,0.0001299111,0.00007861028,0.0004371646,0.000007198586],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001110641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001236844,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006296363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001774056,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970466,0.0007156053,0.001277256,0.0005249877,0.0002616308,0.000173881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984041,0.0003542578,0.0004295381,0.0004813711,0.0002761224,0.00005464347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001619131,0.001382333,0.9820921,0.0002581865,0.0002326872,0.000001492565,0.009645197,0.0000708286,0.0001432124,0.0007118718,0.0005665436,0.004733662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003676952,0.000358185,0.988492,0.0005117689,0.0002613624,1.66172e-7,0.005083574,0.0002362531,0.00009142559,0.001164937,0.00001487693,0.0001085615],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866423,0.001870923,0.00002657233,0.00008005985,0.0009423602,0.001702107,0.00001288186,0.00004040386,0.0086824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988812,0.0001891141,0.0001130938,0.0001236523,0.00003039711,0.0001207984,0.00004199683,0.00001255668,0.0004872238],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01223888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5823612,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03358103271673089,"score_gpt":0.3448005842825542,"score_spread":0.3112195515658233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}