{"id":"W4414034271","doi":"10.1007/s10530-025-03661-x","title":"Niche overlap between the introduced species Bombus impatiens (Apidae) and native bumblebees in Southwestern British Columbia","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biological Invasions","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Apidae; Niche; Bumblebee; Ecology; Invasive species; Pollinator; Introduced species; Impatiens; Botany; Hymenoptera; Pollen; Pollination","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002141844,0.0001149207,0.0002709598,0.000007894215,0.000560921,0.0002124901,0.0002443783,0.0001259594,0.000144756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004113358,0.00004716194,0.0000685987,0.000344411,0.000296471,0.00004643669,0.0003508849,0.0001997713,0.000008356117],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001958139,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006774218,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006536006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2035278,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989065,0.0001371925,0.0002330418,0.0003359618,0.00009183223,0.0002954924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998778,0.001044828,0.00005535303,0.00002994493,0.00003989304,0.00005198852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008015661,0.00004188867,0.9718395,0.000001852063,0.00001699957,0.00000473256,0.00005246605,9.838189e-8,0.01712929,0.0001023806,0.002297656,0.00850508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001183799,0.000166359,0.9904151,0.00004378025,0.000008986745,0.000002198749,0.0009835546,0.00000179459,0.0001137598,0.00177561,0.006248526,0.0001219421],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955911,0.000624862,2.88632e-7,0.001926947,0.00004970517,0.000239442,0.000230069,0.00004594921,0.001291626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979197,0.0006697286,0.000008043554,0.0004029432,0.0001650698,0.00002587168,0.0000374485,4.671455e-7,0.0007707438],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1969918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9880529,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1467134356477568,"score_gpt":0.2318547837098866,"score_spread":0.08514134806212975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}