{"id":"W4414044299","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.100996","title":"Fractal complexity in visual nature: Perceptual preferences of leaf silhouettes and implications for biophilic design","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Trees Forests and People","topic":"Color perception and design","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fractal; Silhouette; Perception; Natural (archaeology); Fractal dimension; Relaxation (psychology)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001063161,0.0001867313,0.0001259442,0.0004127045,0.00023774,0.001087151,0.0001360943,0.0003343991,0.002225851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006028769,0.0001001239,0.0002502571,0.0001697479,0.0005026078,0.0007615838,0.0003984696,0.00029081,0.0001246978],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002795098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001005614,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008194732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001337207,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996728,0.0001213176,0.00001995649,0.00005124512,0.0001084199,0.00002631377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973309,0.001591163,0.0004919958,0.0001478312,0.0002333102,0.0002048616],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002431435,0.0004898813,0.6222734,0.0007912834,0.0001971109,0.0008831755,0.03486864,0.00229269,0.1963852,0.004347658,0.001853907,0.1331855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004100149,0.0006885032,0.9682817,0.00008914019,0.00005338045,0.001020892,0.01216481,0.004288505,0.005976976,0.00305938,0.004258418,0.00007723392],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967168,0.000109742,0.001233635,0.00005609076,0.000005168799,0.000009395321,0.00002096733,0.000005663697,0.001842559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985625,0.00004136138,0.001118773,0.00002617906,0.000003701948,0.000004613836,0.00002350707,0.000003380871,0.0002159508],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002225851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00744617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07038565267631465,"score_gpt":0.3813257240663045,"score_spread":0.3109400713899899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}