{"id":"W4414048388","doi":"10.4271/2025-24-0020","title":"Advanced Plasma-Based Ignition Strategy for Future Spark Ignition Engines","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SAE International Journal of Advances and Current Practices in Mobility","topic":"Combustion and Detonation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Ignition system; Combustion; Detonation; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Combustion chamber; Ignition timing; Chemical energy; Laser ignition; Thermal efficiency","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003382104,0.0001109308,0.0001452125,0.00022927,0.00003502106,0.00007638834,0.0001441902,0.00004215375,0.00002869184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004105787,0.0001036959,0.00005704625,0.0001470316,0.00003021208,0.001316685,0.00001171187,0.0002147122,4.867604e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008564807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007370929,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.659311e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000505521,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991046,0.00002985111,0.0004367363,0.0001263253,0.0002099627,0.00009248441],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986212,0.0003582228,0.0003648372,0.00005640926,0.0005652536,0.00003409315],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006462757,0.0003451522,0.002283005,0.0006663557,0.00005725946,0.00000299515,0.00007332031,0.1840682,0.0004253027,0.002173916,0.0001749151,0.8090833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01027061,0.0005201527,0.04121511,0.001812314,0.000167219,0.00005332614,0.003745585,0.1423235,0.01097368,0.07026163,0.7179373,0.0007196368],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8427733,0.04416008,0.09655011,0.002239772,0.01140883,0.0006028109,0.0001239484,0.0001028438,0.002038311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907976,0.007117505,0.001743016,0.00004036293,0.000232799,0.00002850191,0.00002627488,0.000005741941,0.000008238528],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8083637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4228598,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02298788628976675,"score_gpt":0.3594009058749799,"score_spread":0.3364130195852132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}