{"id":"W4414080931","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139892","title":"Observation of double parton scattering in same-sign W boson pair production in pp collisions at $\\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"CHIST-ERA; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Vetenskapsrådet; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej; Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy; National Science and Technology Council; European Social Fund; Royal Society; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique; European Regional Development Fund; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft; Generalitat de Catalunya; Generalitat Valenciana; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; UK Research and Innovation; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; U.S. Department of Energy; Carl Tryggers Stiftelse för Vetenskaplig Forskning; Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca; Grantová Agentura České Republiky; Austrian Science Fund; National Natural Science Foundation of China; European Commission; Leverhulme Trust; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; National Science Foundation; Baden-Württemberg Stiftung; H2020 European Research Council; Norges Forskningsråd; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung; TRIUMF; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond; Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu; Canarie; CERN; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación","keywords":"Pair production; Parton; Scattering; Boson; Luminosity; Hadron; Large Hadron Collider; Atlas detector; ATLAS experiment","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004642766,0.0004754023,0.0003920459,0.0009123807,0.000598594,0.001020803,0.0004544694,0.0006588462,0.001362135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004933616,0.0003530402,0.000314578,0.0009738902,0.0002890123,0.0003227404,0.0007810244,0.0003935066,0.0002837797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002850537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002307579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007876715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001246602,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995633,0.00008719824,0.000019429,0.0001021259,0.0001341342,0.0000938418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996608,0.0001065923,0.00008347779,0.00003734533,0.00003080409,0.00008102342],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003146374,0.0003063092,0.2266949,0.0001064508,0.0003080118,0.004896299,0.0005454004,0.00208612,0.7493106,0.001952341,0.0005430736,0.01010422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001884488,0.001371356,0.4058819,0.00001349267,0.0001679441,0.007899479,0.000325438,0.01694291,0.564161,0.0009864137,0.001960551,0.0001011498],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964814,0.00009769942,0.00213327,0.0000234124,0.000006600294,0.00000575352,0.0001957833,0.00004628053,0.00100961],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980351,0.00003424544,0.001297743,0.00001685306,0.000006227625,0.000007488639,0.0002553666,0.00001008291,0.0003369258],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001362135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004556835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03325479717153508,"score_gpt":0.265363968679309,"score_spread":0.2321091715077739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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