{"id":"W4414087798","doi":"10.1163/18786561-bja10064","title":"The Challenges of Switching ‘Sail-Fast-then-Wait’ to ‘Sail-Slow-and-Save’ in the Decarbonization of Voyage-chartered Bulk Shipping","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate Law","topic":"Law, logistics, and international trade","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Port (circuit theory); International shipping; Momentum (technical analysis); Process (computing); International law; Set (abstract data type)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007078963,0.0001191669,0.0001853541,0.0001121045,0.0001661846,0.0001485865,0.0003687635,0.00004720694,0.000009302777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001998288,0.00008001496,0.00004931977,0.0002066176,0.0001336552,0.0002414717,0.0001680595,0.0000948542,0.000007862642],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001622981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008065203,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002204047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004729184,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989994,0.00002551433,0.0003879683,0.0001850736,0.0001971499,0.000204878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991914,0.0002738267,0.0001827148,0.0002276517,0.0001178864,0.000006500059],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003201163,0.00004356238,0.001947124,0.000252145,0.00002268469,0.000001345401,0.0005610909,0.0000760272,0.0006544739,0.9937841,0.00008079116,0.002544621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00512069,0.0002000223,0.2184985,0.004343058,0.0005084352,0.000007986498,0.02338623,0.06263693,0.003328099,0.5287721,0.1516773,0.001520656],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6946526,0.001558975,0.002451952,0.03685089,0.001346172,0.001028782,0.00001800918,0.0001030269,0.2619896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997696,0.0003008049,0.00006147419,0.001663651,0.0001846916,0.00001673737,0.000006405497,0.00001179661,0.00005847675],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.465012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3262915,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02702529762763632,"score_gpt":0.2548171461988455,"score_spread":0.2277918485712092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}