{"id":"W4414116172","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5440694","title":"Harmful Hallucinations: Generative AI and Elections","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Transparency (behavior); Democracy; Generative grammar; Emerging technologies; Generative model","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002593453,0.0003146821,0.0005210777,0.0006885536,0.00190757,0.003219234,0.000945601,0.001846712,0.01148905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02631508,0.0002914862,0.0003841194,0.0006767169,0.007588154,0.004364002,0.002389199,0.003496575,0.0006454083],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009179198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007831484,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001779133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001940993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977055,0.001535585,0.00005497098,0.0001674113,0.0003281489,0.0002084541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9893065,0.007416724,0.0006188356,0.001480793,0.0005915764,0.0005855922],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004505048,0.000020197,0.0005469217,0.00003049353,0.000007722444,0.0001366148,0.0007495733,0.001932419,0.0001583355,0.9809313,0.003618899,0.01182251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001279015,0.000005918008,0.0001573403,0.000006662329,0.000003118973,0.00008243721,0.0001878378,0.007473451,0.00006951495,0.9898111,0.002184852,0.000004957562],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.2076283,0.002400075,0.3390817,0.04201749,0.001223849,0.0001228669,0.0002462722,0.0005469871,0.4067324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842486,0.0002779855,0.006290179,0.0006783391,0.0003374066,0.0000257062,0.00002751324,0.00004396469,0.008070268],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01148905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03843474,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.010343254361717,"score_gpt":0.2783891722926423,"score_spread":0.2680459179309253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}