{"id":"W4414118611","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144684","title":"Guidelines for zirconium tolerance in Li-ion battery cathode recycling from manufacturing scraps","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion; Information Technology Research Centre; Ministry of Education, Ethiopia; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; Ministry of Environment; National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education","keywords":"Cathode; Battery (electricity); Zirconium; Impurity; Electrochemistry; Diffusion; Pellets","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008883401,0.0001289841,0.0001663127,0.00002241288,0.00004817295,0.0000491279,0.0001033047,0.0001051609,0.0001021486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007643728,0.000140037,0.00003963101,0.0001007672,0.000008534447,0.0001869337,0.00001166219,0.0001293503,0.00001691855],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005684595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002276368,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003706758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000174933,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99925,0.000005991123,0.0003299314,0.0001969793,0.00005831522,0.0001587656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996235,0.00009616587,0.00003013551,0.0001533078,0.00007006683,0.00002682799],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001034249,0.00007176471,0.002676617,0.001069048,0.00007489992,0.000006997154,0.000684795,0.491988,0.1782515,0.0001409808,0.2265271,0.09840492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005643019,0.000003626798,0.001061254,0.0002581156,0.000009662865,6.872865e-7,0.0002480228,0.05222876,0.7941042,0.001699992,0.1496121,0.0002092476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8105497,0.004302065,0.1571853,0.002606926,0.002110461,0.0003638246,0.00002066024,0.0005186426,0.02234231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9650638,0.0004144843,0.02464016,0.001558589,0.0003653185,0.0001275487,0.0000618351,0.00004107174,0.007727161],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6158527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5710542,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03657591306022386,"score_gpt":0.3137283194336603,"score_spread":0.2771524063734365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}