{"id":"W4414121048","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135068","title":"Graphite processing from beneficiation to final product: a review focused on purification of natural and recycled materials","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Fonds de recherche du Québec","keywords":"Beneficiation; Graphite; Raw material; Carbon fibers; Petrochemical; Chemical industry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004451433,0.000978364,0.001099517,0.002478223,0.0003609467,0.001169942,0.0006124732,0.0009006127,0.003346134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006277998,0.0003959383,0.0007638701,0.003209735,0.0003763687,0.001545342,0.0005536793,0.00107999,0.001402549],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003958571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001201859,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009620476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001782623,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997193,0.00003511299,0.00003990177,0.00006398361,0.0001143609,0.00002726351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996443,0.0002003721,0.00006346155,0.00001314272,0.0000634969,0.00001513382],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007329094,0.0001254687,0.000406003,0.132025,0.0001861185,0.0004686359,0.0002420293,0.001286447,0.01309103,0.009620206,0.01899482,0.8234809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005994445,0.0001251362,0.0007908646,0.007072943,0.0002035415,0.0009886327,0.00009792879,0.0001813472,0.004444121,0.001872208,0.9841923,0.00002498243],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005737007,0.9965623,0.0004981754,0.0001477626,0.0001309018,0.000009656409,0.00005848405,0.00001589869,0.002003094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00180617,0.9969446,0.000374356,0.00009570429,0.00004875228,0.000009304865,0.00005504994,0.000003203227,0.0006629265],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003346134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01119399,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02630400287181369,"score_gpt":0.3236845756530238,"score_spread":0.2973805727812101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}